To prepare for writing this article, the NFL graciously allowed me to interview and observe two NFL officiating crews, those of Ed Hochuli and Walt Anderson, during pre-season games. I interviewed members of each crew about their individual preparation during game week and on game day. I also observed how the crews prepared together to get everyone on the same page. The officials on both crews provided excellent guidance and advice for this article. For that, I am extremely grateful to them.
Preparation During the Week
There are certain things that we all need to know before we hit the field: mechanics, rules, philosophies, and enforcements. Each individual official needs to know these before game day. What can we do during the week to best prepare for game day? Here are some suggestions:
Types of Film
There are many other types of film you can watch during the week. If possible, review film of yourself. There is no better feedback than watching film of your work on the field. Be sure to critique your calls and no-calls. Does the film verify what you saw on the field? If not, ask yourself why you saw something different during the game. Also review tight plays out of your area. Would you have called something different if the play occurred in your area of responsibility? Visualize the play, your reaction, and your call. By doing that, you will have gained some experience even though you didn’t see the play in the game. You will be better prepared when you see a similar play in live action. You will also benefit from watching your mechanics and demeanor. We almost always look much different on film than we previously thought. What we thought was a crisp signal may look relatively sloppy on tape. We may think we are in better position for a call than we actually are. Watching your films will expose aspects of your officiating in need of improvement.
You should also regularly reviewing training tapes. Hopefully, your association or conference provides tapes. You should spend time watching the types of plays you are likely to see in the game. Don Carlsen, an 18-year NFL veteran and side judge on Ed Hochuli’s NFL crew, regularly reviews training film. As a downfield official, Carlsen watches tapes on pass interference, illegal contact, and catch/no-catch. Line of scrimmage officials may want to focus more on holding, formation, and fumble plays. In addition to local training tapes, take advantage of training sites such as USA Football, which provides training on several types of calls. Good videos are also available from the NCAA and internet sites such as Refstripes.com forum boards (http://www.refstripes.com/forum) provide links to solid high school training tapes.
Film study is not limited to your past games and training tapes. Good officials, especially referees, should spend some time previewing teams in their upcoming games. As Walt Anderson, an NFL referee with 11 years in the league, notes, “you don’t want to be caught off guard.”
Film study is a key component to officiating success and is one of the best methods of game preparation. Start reviewing film on a regular basis and you will be a better official.
Rules Study
Officials should review rules every day. There are several ways to review rules and you should find the method that works best for you. Some officials methodically work through the rules, reading one rule at a time, section by section. Others look at a particular topic, for example – kick catch interference or pass interference. Others study film of similar plays (like holding) to review those rules. The key is not how you review the rules, but that you are looking at them for at least some time every day. Officials should know the rules and know them well. The more you have to think on the field, the less you will see.
Casebook Study
In addition to the rules, you also need to review potential plays every day. Casebook plays apply the rules to a variety of situations. When you read the play, visualize it occurring on the field in front of you. How would you react? How would you rule? If there is a foul, what options would you present and how would you enforce the penalty? How would you explain your call to the coach? By working through casebook plays, you solidify your rules knowledge. More importantly, you prepare for your reaction in a game setting. It is better to work through once-in-a-lifetime situations when reviewing a casebook play than dealing with it for the first time during a real game.
Of course, casebook rulings should be adapted to your association or league philosophies. Be sure to check with your local rules interpreter regarding philosophies. For example, how tightly do they want false starts called? How tight will they call backward passes or illegal forward passes? The rules may be black and white, but each association emphasizes different rules and philosophies. Make sure to adjust casebook rulings as necessary to conform to local practices and philosophies.
RELATED ARTICLES:
Part I: When to Prepare and the Film Review during the Week.
Part II: Types of Film, Rules Study, and Casebook Study during the Week
Part III: Mechanics and Enforcement
Part IV: Game Day Preparation and the Post-Game Review